PhDs employed across job sectors show impressive earning potential:
“…[T]here is strong evidence that advanced education levels continue to be associated with higher salaries. A study by the Georgetown Center on Education and the Workforce showed that across the fields examined, individuals with a graduate degree earned an average of 38.3% more than those with a bachelor’s degree in the same field. The expected lifetime earnings for someone without a high school degree is $973,000; with a high school diploma, $1.3 million; with a bachelor’s degree, $2.3 million; with a master’s degree, $2.7 million; and with a doctoral degree (excluding professional degrees), $3.3 million. Other data indicate that the overall unemployment rate for individuals who hold graduate degrees is far lower than for those who hold just an undergraduate degree.”
- Pathways Through Graduate School and Into Careers, Council of Graduate Schools (CGS) and Educational Testing Service (ETS), pg. 3.
Average salaries by educational level and degree (data from the US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2009-2011, courtesy of the Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce):
Degree |
Degree |
|||||||
Bachelors |
Masters |
Professional |
Doctorate |
Bachelors |
Masters |
Professional |
Doctorate |
|
Grouped undergrad major |
Median earnings |
Median earnings |
Median earnings |
Median earnings |
Sample size |
Sample size |
Sample size |
Sample size |
AGRICULTURE and NATURAL RESOURCES |
52000 |
63000 |
79000 |
83000 |
9385 |
2174 |
620 |
571 |
ARCHITECTURE |
63000 |
71000 |
78000 |
73000 |
3597 |
1470 |
294 |
68 |
ARTS |
46000 |
55000 |
65000 |
67000 |
17693 |
4257 |
579 |
447 |
BUSINESS |
62000 |
83000 |
102000 |
94000 |
137905 |
32908 |
5392 |
1201 |
COMMUNICATIONS and JOURNALISM |
50000 |
61000 |
84000 |
72000 |
28938 |
6479 |
1260 |
473 |
COMPUTERS and MATHEMATICS |
73000 |
90000 |
90000 |
104000 |
30666 |
11873 |
986 |
1557 |
CONSUMER SERVICES and INDUSTRIAL ARTS |
63000 |
84000 |
94000 |
83000 |
4204 |
584 |
65 |
33 |
EDUCATION |
42000 |
56000 |
63000 |
73000 |
39185 |
30819 |
2371 |
1397 |
ENGINEERING |
79000 |
101000 |
104000 |
107000 |
44297 |
22903 |
2090 |
3831 |
HEALTH |
63000 |
77000 |
103000 |
98000 |
32807 |
9492 |
4073 |
2051 |
HUMANITIES and LIBERAL ARTS |
47000 |
59000 |
99000 |
69000 |
38955 |
19013 |
7414 |
3408 |
LAW AND PUBLIC POLICY |
52000 |
65000 |
89000 |
84000 |
14350 |
3049 |
994 |
192 |
PSYCHOLOGY and SOCIAL WORK |
43000 |
56000 |
83000 |
78000 |
23192 |
16036 |
2945 |
2624 |
RECREATION |
45000 |
58000 |
75000 |
73000 |
5004 |
1493 |
310 |
199 |
SCIENCE--LIFE/PHYSICAL |
54000 |
73000 |
125000 |
89000 |
28075 |
14646 |
13187 |
9868 |
SOCIAL SCIENCE |
57000 |
75000 |
105000 |
90000 |
32617 |
14167 |
7566 |
1971 |
The Bureau of Labor and Statistics reports higher earnings and lower unemployment rates for doctoral degree holders in comparison to those with master’s and bachelor’s degrees:
According to national studies, more education translates not only to higher earnings, but also higher levels of job success and job satisfaction:
“Educational attainment – the number of years a person spends in school – strongly predicts adult earnings, and also predicts health and civic engagement. Moreover, individuals with higher levels of education appear to gain more knowledge and skills on the job than do those with lower levels of education and they are able, to some extent, to transfer what they learn across occupations.”
- Education for Life and Work (2012), National Research Council of the National Academies, pg. 66.